Description of the basque cross (Lauburu)
During your hikes in the Basque Country, you will have the opportunity to see the famous Basque cross. Much more than a simple symbol, it is a powerful cultural emblem of the Basque Country, embodying the history and traditions of this unique region. But what is its origin and what exactly does it represent?
Origins of the Basque Cross
One of the essential symbols of the Basque Country (French and Basque): the Basque cross is the object of belonging that reflects Basque culture.
A pre-Indo-European mythological representation of the struggle between light and darkness, it also represents the energies that make up the universe: fire, water, wind and air.
The solar system is represented by the cross itself in the form of a swastika (bringing good fortune).
F.Perrot - ADT 64
The emblem of Basque Country
The Basque cross is shaped like a helix of 4 branches (which gives it its name "four heads" lauburu in Basque). Their shape could be described as a comma, with each branch consisting of 3 semicircles.
In civilization, this dynamic appearance caused the cross to turn on itself, often clockwise, representing the movement of time and life.
Both a good-luck charm and representative of our environmental system, the Basque cross could be borrowed by Respyrénées to express the values we hold so dear...
A symbol of Basque identity
This symbol has evolved over time to become a powerful marker of identity, used in art, crafts and even religious rituals in the Basque Country. It is a true symbol of belonging that reflects Basque culture. So don't be surprised when you're hiking or strolling through Basque villages to see a whole array of Basque crosses decorating houses or numerous objects: household linen, crockery, jewellery, Basque cake...
